Dynamics of prevalence and gender-age characteristics of urolithiasis in the Kharkiv region

Abstract

Urolithiasis is one of the most common urological diseases, which has a significant negative impact on the economics of national health care systems around the world. Risk factors for the development of this pathology are trends in nutrition and lifestyle, heredity, concomitant diseases, among which the dominant role belongs to diabetes and obesity. The prevalence of urolithiasis, according to various epidemiological studies, is 1‒20% and has certain geo­graphical features, which are determined by regional climatic and socio-economic factors. The prevalence rate of urolithiasis in European countries is 5‒9%, among which the leading po­si­tions belong to the countries of Eastern Europe, in particular Ukraine. The work presents a ret­rospective analysis of the dynamics of the epidemiological indicators of urolithiasis in the Kharkiv region for the period 2010‒2019. The data from State statistical reports of Health care institutions were used for the analysis. The prevalence and incidence of urolithiasis were studied taking into account gender and age criteria, as well as place of residence. In the statistical analysis, the average value and standard deviation were calculated Process trends were determined by trend modeling (linear approximation). The prevalence of this disease among the adult population over a ten-year period has a tendency to increase among patients of working age. Peculiarities of the gender structure of this indicator were not found. Predominantly higher levels of prevalence of urolithiasis among urban residents were estab­lished. When extrapolating the prevalence rate for the next five years, one should expect an increase in the number of urolithiasis cases among people of working age with a simultaneous decrease in this rate in the older age category.

Keywords: urolithiasis, prevalence, morbidity, gender-age structure.